Hong is the

pinyin Hanyu Pinyin (), often shortened to just pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Mandarin Chinese in China, and to some extent, in Singapore and Malaysia. It is often used to teach Mandarin, normally written in Chinese for ...

romanization Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, and ...

of the

Chinese surname Chinese surnames are used by Han Chinese and Sinicized ethnic groups in China, Taiwan, Korea, Vietnam, and among overseas Chinese communities around the world such as Singapore and Malaysia. Written Chinese names begin with surnames, unlike the ...

(''Hóng''). It was listed 184th among the

Song A song is a musical composition intended to be performed by the human voice. This is often done at distinct and fixed pitches (melodies) using patterns of sound and silence. Songs contain various forms, such as those including the repetitio ...

-era '' Hundred Family Surnames''. Today it is not among the 100 most common surnames in mainland China but it was the 15th-most-common surname in Taiwan in 2005. As counted by a

Chinese census The Chinese census, officially the National Population Census of the People's Republic of China, is the national census of the People's Republic of China. It has been carried out seven times in the history of the People's Republic of China. *1953: ...

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...

is the area with the largest number of people with the name. It is also the pinyin romanization of a number of less-common names including ''Hóng'' (), ''Hóng'' ( t , s ), and ''Hóng'' (). All of those names are romanized as Hung in Wade-Giles. "Hong" is also one spelling employed for the

Cantonese Cantonese ( zh, t=廣東話, s=广东话, first=t, cy=Gwóngdūng wá) is a language within the Chinese (Sinitic) branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages originating from the city of Guangzhou (historically known as Canton) and its surrounding are ...

pronunciation of the surname Xiong (). The

Hokkien The Hokkien () variety of Chinese is a Southern Min language native to and originating from the Minnan region, where it is widely spoken in the south-eastern part of Fujian in southeastern mainland China. It is one of the national languages in ...

and Teochew romanization of Hong (that uses the character 洪) is Ang, which is also used for

Wang Wang may refer to: Names * Wang (surname) (王), a common Chinese surname * Wāng (汪), a less common Chinese surname * Titles in Chinese nobility * A title in Korean nobility * A title in Mongolian nobility Places * Wang River in Thailand ...

(, ''Wāng''). It is also the romanization used for the Korean surname Hong, which uses the character 洪 in

hanja Hanja (Hangul: ; Hanja: , ), alternatively known as Hancha, are Chinese characters () used in the writing of Korean. Hanja was used as early as the Gojoseon period, the first ever Korean kingdom. (, ) refers to Sino-Korean vocabulary, wh ...

, the Khmer surname ហុង (Hong), as well as the surname Hồng in Vietnam, from the Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese character 洪.

Origin

The name literally means "flood". The legendary origin of the family links it to descendants of the

Yan Emperor The Yan Emperor () or the Flame Emperor was a legendary ancient Chinese ruler in pre-dynastic times. Modern scholarship has identified the Sheep's Head Mountains (''Yángtóu Shān'') just north of Baoji in Shaanxi Province as his homeland and ...

who originally bore the

ancestral name In some cultures, a surname, family name, or last name is the portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family, tribe or community. Practices vary by culture. The family name may be placed at either the start of a person's full name, ...

(''xing'') Jiang (姜) and the clan name "Gonggong" (共共). The Gonggongs directed irrigation works and managed flood control on the west bank of the

Yellow River The Yellow River or Huang He (Chinese: , Standard Beijing Mandarin, Mandarin: ''Huáng hé'' ) is the second-longest river in China, after the Yangtze River, and the List of rivers by length, sixth-longest river system in the world at th ...

in the southeast corner of the

Ordos Loop The Ordos Plateau, also known as the Ordos Basin or simply the Ordos, is a highland sedimentary basin in northwest China with an elevation of , and consisting mostly of land enclosed by the Ordos Loop, a large northerly rectangular bend of the Y ...

above the

Wei Wei or WEI may refer to: States * Wey (state) (衛, 1040–209 BC), Wei in pinyin, but spelled Wey to distinguish from the bigger Wei of the Warring States * Wei (state) (魏, 403–225 BC), one of the seven major states of the Warring States per ...

. After the

Yellow Emperor The Yellow Emperor, also known as the Yellow Thearch or by his Chinese name Huangdi (), is a deity ('' shen'') in Chinese religion, one of the legendary Chinese sovereigns and culture heroes included among the mytho-historical Three Soverei ...

conquered the Yan Emperor's territory, his relatives and descendants were persecuted and the Gonggong rebelled during the reign of the Gaoyang Emperor. The future

Ku Emperor Ku, KU, or Kū may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Ku (fictional language), a constructed language created for the 2005 film The Interpreter * Esther Ku, a Korean-American comedian * Kumi Koda, Japanese pop star nicknamed Ku or Kuu * In an ali ...

led an army against the rebellion and crushed them at the

Battle of Bei Zhou Shan A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force ...

. Supposedly, among his soldiers were the descendants of Suiren, credited with the

invention of fire The control of fire by early humans was a critical technology enabling the evolution of human, humans. Fire provided a source of Heat, warmth and lighting, protection from predators (especially at night), a way to create more advanced hunting t ...

, so that this is referred to in Chinese sources as a battle between fire and water. The Gonggong were reinstated in their former position only to provoke widespread flooding under the

Yao Emperor Yao or YAO may refer to: * Yao (surname), the transliteration of Chinese family names 姚, 銚, and 么 * Yao (ruler), a mythical Chinese ruler and emperor * Yao Ming, Chinese Basketball All-Star that played for the Houston Rockets * Euphrasie Kou ...

when they opposed some of his orders. A second army brought a second defeat and the Yao Emperor banished the Gonggong to

Jiangnan Jiangnan or Jiang Nan (; formerly romanized Kiang-nan, literally "South of the River" meaning "South of the Yangtze") is a geographic area in China referring to lands immediately to the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, incl ...

. When the Chinese ceased to have both ancestral and clan names, many Gonggongs combined the water

radical Radical may refer to: Politics and ideology Politics *Radical politics, the political intent of fundamental societal change *Radicalism (historical), the Radical Movement that began in late 18th century Britain and spread to continental Europe and ...

from ''jiang'' with the character ''gong'' to produce Hong.

Ancestral centers

Dunhuang Dunhuang () is a county-level city in Northwestern Gansu Province, Western China. According to the 2010 Chinese census, the city has a population of 186,027, though 2019 estimates put the city's population at about 191,800. Dunhuang was a major ...

Gansu Gansu (, ; alternately romanized as Kansu) is a province in Northwest China. Its capital and largest city is Lanzhou, in the southeast part of the province. The seventh-largest administrative district by area at , Gansu lies between the Tibet ...

and Nanchang in

Jiangxi Jiangxi (; ; formerly romanized as Kiangsi or Chianghsi) is a landlocked province in the east of the People's Republic of China. Its major cities include Nanchang and Jiujiang. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north int ...

List of persons with the surname

Hong

Hong Chengchou Hong Chengchou (; 1593–1665), courtesy name Yanyan and art name Hengjiu, was a Chinese official who served under the Ming and Qing dynasties. He was born in present-day Liangshan Village, Yingdu Town, Fujian Province, China. After obtaining t ...

(1593–1665), Chinese official under the

Ming The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last ort ...

and

Qing The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speaki ...

dynasties *

Hong Liangji Hong Liangji (, 1746–1809), courtesy names Junzhi () and Zhicun (), was a Chinese scholar, statesman, political theorist, and philosopher. He was most famous for his critical essay to the Jiaqing Emperor, which resulted in his banishment to ...

(1746–1809), Chinese scholar, statesman, political theorist, and philosopher *

Hong Xiuquan Hong Xiuquan (1 January 1814 – 1 June 1864), born Hong Huoxiu and with the courtesy name Renkun, was a Chinese revolutionary who was the leader of the Taiping Rebellion against the Qing dynasty. He established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdo ...

(born Hong Houxiu; 1814–1862), a leader of the

Taiping Rebellion The Taiping Rebellion, also known as the Taiping Civil War or the Taiping Revolution, was a massive rebellion and civil war that was waged in China between the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Han, Hakka-led Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. It lasted fr ...

Hong Rengan Hong Rengan (; 18 February 1822 – 23 November 1864) was an important leader of the Taiping Rebellion. He was a distant cousin of the movement's founder and spiritual leader Hong Xiuquan. His position as the Gan Wang (干王, lit. "the Shield Ki ...

(1822–1864), a leader of the

Hong Yuanshuo Hong Yuanshuo (; 31 March 1948 – 1 August 2015) was a Chinese football manager and a former player. Throughout his playing career he spent all of it with Beijing where he won the 1973 league title with them. Since retiring he would move into s ...

(1948–2015), Chinese football manager and football player * Jian Fang Lay (''Hóng Jiànfāng'' 洪劍芳; born 1973), right-handed Australian ladies

table tennis Table tennis, also known as ping-pong and whiff-whaff, is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight ball, also known as the ping-pong ball, back and forth across a table using small solid rackets. It takes place on a hard table div ...

player * Apple Hong (''Hóng Yǐxīn'' 洪乙心; born 1978), Singaporean-Malaysian actress and singer *

Hong Peiyun Hong Peiyun (; born January 7, 2001, in Shanghai, China) is a Chinese idol singer. She is a member of Team HII of Chinese idol group SNH48, as well as its sub-unit, Color Girls. Career On 25 July 2015, during SNH48's second General Election, Hon ...

(born 2001), Chinese idol singer and member of Chinese idol group

SNH48 SNH48 is a Chinese idol girl group based in Shanghai. Following AKB48's creator Yasushi Akimoto's concept of "idols you can meet", the group features dozens of female members around the age of 20, who perform regularly in the group's own thea ...

Hung

* Hung Shing (), Tang Dynasty official and was honoured as

Deity A deity or god is a supernatural being who is considered divine or sacred. The ''Oxford Dictionary of English'' defines deity as a god or goddess, or anything revered as divine. C. Scott Littleton defines a deity as "a being with powers greate ...

in Guangdong province and Hong Kong * Hung Hei-gun (; 1745–1825), Chinese martial artist of the Southern Shaolin school *

William Hung (sinologist) William Hung (; October 27, 1893December 22, 1980), was a Chinese historian and sinologist who taught for many years at Yenching University, Beijing, Peking, which was China's leading Christian university, and at Harvard University. He is kno ...

(; 1893–1980), Chinese sinologist *

Hung Tung Hung Tung () was a Taiwanese painter who was notable for his folk style and vivid colours. He is said to have had a significant influence on the direction of Taiwanese modern art in the 1970s and a was a forerunner in the Taiwanese Nativist art ...

(; born 1920), Taiwanese painter *

Hung I-Hsiang Hung I-Hsiang or Hong Yixiang () (1925–1993) was a Taiwanese martial artist who specialized in the internal Chinese styles of xingyiquan, baguazhang, and taijiquan. Hung I-Hsiang was born in Taiwan. He studied with Chang Chun-Feng (), a mast ...

(; 1925–1993), Taiwanese martial artist *

John Hung John Terence Hung is a Hong Kong businessman, best known as former chairman of Wheelock & Co, and executive director of its subsidiary Wharf Holdings. Personal life John Hung's maternal grandfather was Sir Robert Hormus Kotewall and he is the ...

(; born 1938), Hong Kong businessman *

Hung Meng-chi Hung Meng-chi (; born 20 April 1947) is a Taiwanese politician. He was the Minister of Culture of the Republic of China from 23 January 2015 until 20 May 2016, having previously served as acting minister since 8 December 2014. Early life Hung ...

(; born 1947), Taiwanese politician, Minister of Culture (2014–2016) *

Hung Hsiu-chu Hung Hsiu-chu (; born 7 April 1948) is a Taiwanese politician. As a member of the Kuomintang (KMT), she has served the party as a Deputy Chairperson and Deputy Secretary-General. Hung was first elected to the legislature in 1990, and was the Vi ...

(; born 1948), Taiwanese Kuomintang politician *

Mien-Chie Hung Mien-Chie Hung (; born September 4, 1950) is a Taiwanese-born American molecular biologist and cancer researcher. He is a Professor and Chair, Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houst ...

(; born 1950), Taiwanese-born American molecular biologist and cancer researcher *

Hung Chi-chang Hung Chi-chang (; born 23 August 1951) is a Taiwanese politician. He was the Chairman of the Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF) from 12 July 2007 to 19 May 2008. Political career In September 1986, Hung and seventeen others founded the Democrati ...

(; born 1951), Taiwanese politician, Chairman of the Straits Exchange Foundation (2007–2008) *

Sammo Hung Sammo Hung Kam-bo ( zh, t=洪金寶, j=Hung4 Gam1-bou2; born 7 January 1952) is a Hong Kong actor, martial artist, film producer and Film director, director, known for his work in martial arts films, Hong Kong action cinema, and as a fight choreog ...

(; born 1952), Hong Kong actor and martial artist * Hong Hong (), an actress from Hong Kong from 1950s to 1960s. Hong Hong has now retired from the film industry entirely. * Stephen Hung (; born 1959), Hong Kong property investor *

Hung Huang Hung Huang ( is an American-Chinese television host, author, actress, blogger, media figure, and the publisher of the fashion magazine ''iLook''. Personal life Hung's mother, Zhang Hanzhi worked as a translator and English tutor for Mao Zedong. ...

(; born 1961), Chinese television host *

Chris Hung Chris Hung (; born 19 March 1963) is a Taiwanese enka and Hokkien pop singer and television host. Widely known as the "king of Taiwanese pop," he has won five Golden Melody Awards and one Golden Bell Award. The eldest of three sons born to s ...

(; born 1963), Taiwanese enka and Hokkien pop singer *

Hung Chung Yam Hung Chung Yam (born 19 December 1963) is a Hong Kong former cyclist. He competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics and the 1988 Summer Olympics The 1988 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad () and commonly kn ...

(; born 1967), Hong Kong former cyclist * Hong Chong fen (), a male lecturer from Hong Kong education university *

Hung Cee Kay Celeste Hung Cee Kay (; jyutping: hung4 si1 kei4; born 2 March 1972) is a Hong Kong butterfly and freestyle swimmer. She competed in five events at the 1988 Summer Olympics The 1988 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of ...

(; born 1972), Hong Kong swimmer *

Timmy Hung Timmy Hung Tin-ming (born 1 July 1974) is a Hong Kong actor. He is the eldest son of Sammo Hung. Background He was born in Hong Kong as the eldest son of martial arts superstar Sammo Hung and Sammo's Korean first wife Jo Eun-ok (曹恩玉). His ...

(; born 1974), Hong Kong actor, son of Sammo Hung * Kenneth Tin-Kin Hung (; born 1976), Hong Kong-born American new media artist *

Kit Hung Kit Hung (aka Wing Kit Hung or Hung Wing Kit, , is an independent filmmaker from Hong Kong. His films have won several international awards. He is most notable for his film ''Soundless Wind Chime'' (2009), which has won several awards, and was dis ...

(; born 1977), Hong Kong filmmaker *

Osman Hung Osman Hung Chi-kit (born 20 March 1979) is a Hong Kong actor and singer-songwriter of the Cantopop group EO2. Life and career Hung has appeared in several films, and in 2009 took the joint-lead role in ''Permanent Residence'', playing the charact ...

(; born 1979), Hong Kong actor *

Amy Hung Amy Hung (; Wade-Giles: Hung Chih-Huei; born 7 March 1980) is a professional golfer on the LPGA Tour. Amateur wins *1992 Junior World Golf Championships (11-12 age group) *1993 Greg Norman Junior Masters *1994 Greg Norman Junior Masters *2003 R ...

(; born 1980), Taiwanese golfer *

Shih-Ting Hung Hung Shih-Ting, often credited as "Shih-Ting Hung", is a film director, whose first feature film is in pre-production development as of 2022. Her film, ''VIOLA : the Traveling Rooms of a Little Giant,'' earned her a Student Academy Award from Acad ...

(; born 1980), Taiwanese film director *

Hung Tzu-yung Hung Tzu-yung (; born 20 December 1982) is a Taiwanese politician. Following the death of Hung Chung-chiu, her younger brother, in 2013, she joined the New Power Party upon its founding in 2015, and won election to the Legislative Yuan. Hung le ...

(; born 1982), Taiwanese New Power Party politician *

Tony Hung Tony Hung Wing-sing (born 6 December 1985) is a Hong Kong actor and television host currently contracted to TVB. He was formerly a host for Now TV. Biography At the age of 10, Hung studied overseas in New Zealand at the Auckland Grammar School ...

(; born 1983), Hong Kong TVB actor and host *

Emily Hung Emily Hung (born Hung Yu-han; ) is a Taiwanese actress. Filmography Television series References External links * * 1987 births 21st-century Taiwanese actresses Actresses from Taipei Living people {{Taiwan-actor-stub ...

(; born 1987), Taiwanese actress *

Ken Hung Ken Hung Cheuk Lap is a Hong Kong cantopop singer. He started his career after earning a second place in the EEG Singing Contest (aka 25th annual New Talent Singing Awards Hong Kong Regional Finals). During 2007, he went to help in the office for ...

(; born 1987), Hong Kong Cantopop singer *

Bruce Hung Bruce Hung (; born 7 September 1990) is a Taiwanese actor. He is known for his starring role in the 2014 film ''Café. Waiting. Love ''Café. Waiting. Love'' ( is a 2014 Taiwanese romantic comedy film directed by Chiang Chin-lin, adapted from ...

(; born 1990), Taiwanese actor *

Hung Jui-chen Hung Jui-chen (; born 1 March 1990) is a Taiwanese tennis Tennis is a racket sport that is played either individually against a single opponent ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles). Each player uses a tennis ra ...

(; born 1990), Taiwanese tennis player * Hung Shih-han (; born 1990), Taiwanese badminton player

Ang

Ang Hin Kee Ang Hin Kee ( zh, s=洪鼎基, poj=Âng Téng-ki, p=Hóng Dǐngjī; born 22 October 1965) is a Singaporean former politician. A former member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), Ang serves as a Member of Parliament (MP) of the Ang Mo K ...

(), Former Member of Parliament, Singapore *

Ang Kiukok Ang Kiukok (March 1, 1931 – May 9, 2005) was a Filipino painter of Chinese descent and was a National Artist for Visual Arts. Early life and training Ang was born on March 1, 1931, in Davao, Davao Province, Philippines to Vicente Ang and Chin ...

(), Filipino painter and national artist for Visual Arts. *

Ang Mong Seng Ang Mong Seng ( zh, s=洪茂诚, p=Hóng Màochéng; born 30 September 1949) is a Malaysia-born Singaporean former politician. He was a Member of Parliament for the Bukit Gombak ward under Hong Kah Group Representation Constituency (Hong Kah GRC ...

(), Former Member of Parliament, Singapore * Ang Wei Neng (), Former Member of Parliament, Singapore * Ang Saw Ean Belinda (), Judge of the Supreme Court, Singapore * Ang Ser Kian Joshua (), former Singaporean actor * Ang Ling Somaline (), Singaporean actress *

Eric Ang Eric Ang (born February 2, 1971) is a shooter from the Philippines. He represented the country in the 2008 Summer Olympics The 2008 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the XXIX Olympiad () and also known as Beijing 2008 (), were an i ...

Ang Jun Heng The 2010 Kallang slashing was a series of five robberies committed by a group of eight Malaysians from Sarawak, Malaysia in the night of 29 May 2010 and the early hours of the morning of 30 May 2010 (some of the culprits were not involved in the ...

(洪隽衡 hóng jùn héng), Singaporean robbery victim * Sunny Ang, Singaporean murderer

References

{{Reflist Chinese-language surnames Taiwanese culture Multiple Chinese surnames